源码编译安装kubernetes

0、环境准备

Linux: Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS
Docker: 20.10.1
Golang: go version go1.15.4 linux/amd64
Kubernetes: v1.18.8

默认已经准备好的如上环境

1、kubernetes源码编译

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git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/kubernetes/kubernetes (国内clone加速)
cd kubernetes
git checkout v1.18.8

指定环境变量并开始编译：

KUBE_BUILD_PLATFORMS=linux/amd64 make all GOFLAGS=-v GOGCFLAGS="-N -l"

说明：

KUBE_BUILD_PLATFORMS=linux/amd64 指定当前编译平台环境类型为 linux/amd64。
make all 表示在本地环境中编译所有组件。
GOFLAGS=-v 编译参数，开启 verbose 日志。
GOGCFLAGS="-N -l" 编译参数，禁止编译优化和内联，减小可执行程序大小。

如果只想编译某一个组件，如kubelet，可以执行make WATH=cmd/kubelet

编译完成后生成_output目录：

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$ ls _output/bin -Ll
total 1251976
-rwxr-xr-x 1   44486656 Jan  2 11:15 apiextensions-apiserver
-rwxr-xr-x 1    6234112 Jan  2 11:08 conversion-gen
-rwxr-xr-x 1    6221824 Jan  2 11:08 deepcopy-gen
-rwxr-xr-x 1    6193152 Jan  2 11:08 defaulter-gen
-rwxr-xr-x 1  126819312 Jan  2 11:15 e2e_node.test
-rwxr-xr-x 1  114370736 Jan  2 11:15 e2e.test
-rwxr-xr-x 1   40521728 Jan  2 11:15 gendocs
-rwxr-xr-x 1  139782856 Jan  2 11:15 genkubedocs
-rwxr-xr-x 1  145989896 Jan  2 11:15 genman
-rwxr-xr-x 1    6705152 Jan  2 11:15 genswaggertypedocs
-rwxr-xr-x 1   40521728 Jan  2 11:15 genyaml
-rwxr-xr-x 1    7675904 Jan  2 11:15 ginkgo
-rwxr-xr-x 1    3671443 Jan  2 11:08 go2make
-rwxr-xr-x 1    2023424 Jan  2 11:09 go-bindata
-rwxr-xr-x 1    1941504 Jan  2 11:15 go-runner
-rwxr-xr-x 1   37036032 Jan  2 11:15 kubeadm
-rwxr-xr-x 1  109809664 Jan  2 11:15 kube-apiserver
-rwxr-xr-x 1  102002688 Jan  2 11:15 kube-controller-manager
-rwxr-xr-x 1   41078784 Jan  2 11:15 kubectl
-rwxr-xr-x 1  104114408 Jan  2 11:15 kubelet
-rwxr-xr-x 1  102382824 Jan  2 11:15 kubemark
-rwxr-xr-x 1   35663872 Jan  2 11:15 kube-proxy
-rwxr-xr-x 1   39657472 Jan  2 11:15 kube-scheduler
-rwxr-xr-x 1    5091328 Jan  2 11:15 linkcheck
-rwxr-xr-x 1    1634304 Jan  2 11:15 mounter
-rwxr-xr-x 1   10342400 Jan  2 11:09 openapi-gen

2、集群规划

集群搭建使用最小规模的安装方式： master节点、etcd都安装在Ubuntu的宿主机上，ip地址为192.168.122.1；工作节点是一个kvm的虚拟机，上面运行的centos8， IP地址为192.168.122.26

角色	IP	组件
k8s-master	192.168.122.1	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd
k8s-node1	192.168.122.26	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker

2.1 操作系统初始化配置

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# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 临时

# 关闭swap
swapoff -a  # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久

# 根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>

# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.122.1 k8s-master
192.168.122.26 k8s-node1
EOF

# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效

# 时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com

3、部署etcd

3.1、准备cfssl证书生成工具

cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用json文件生成证书，相比openssl更方便使用在master节点上执行安装从操作：

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wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

3.2、生成证书

自签证书颁发机构（CA）

创建工作目录：

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mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd TLS/etcd

自签CA：

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cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
    "default": {
    "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
    "www": {
        "expiry": "87600h",
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
    }
    }
}
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成CA证书：

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cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书创建证书申请文件：

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 cat > server-csr.json << EOF
 {
     "CN": "etcd",
     "hosts": [
     "192.168.122.1"
     ],
     "key": {
         "algo": "rsa",
         "size": 2048
     },
     "names": [
         {
             "C": "CN",
             "L": "BeiJing",
             "ST": "BeiJing"
         }
     ]
 }
 EOF

注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。生成证书：

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cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

3.3 编译etcd

下载： git clone https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd.git

cd etcd && make

在bin目录，生成 etcd、etcdctl两个文件

创建工作目录复制文件

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mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
cp bin/etcd bin/etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/

创建etcd配置文件

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cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
 ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
 ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.122.1:2380"
 ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.122.1:2379"

 #[Clustering]
 ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.122.1:2380"
 ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.122.1:2379"
 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.122.1:2380"                                                                                                                                                       
 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
 EOF

ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

systemd管理etcd

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 cat > /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service <<EOF
 [Unit]
 Description=Etcd Server
 After=network.target
 After=network-online.target
 Wants=network-online.target

 [Service]
 Type=notify
 #EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf # ubuntu not support
 ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
 --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
 --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
 --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
 --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
 --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
 --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
 --name=etcd-master \
 --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd \
 --listen-peer-urls=https://192.168.122.1:2380 \
 --listen-client-urls=https://192.168.122.1:2379 \
 --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://192.168.122.1:2380 \
 --advertise-client-urls=https://192.168.122.1:2379 \
 --initial-cluster=etcd-master=https://192.168.122.1:2380 \
 --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster \
 --initial-cluster-state=new
 --logger=zap
 Restart=on-failure
 LimitNOFILE=65536

 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target
 EOF

centos 路径为： /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
Ubuntu不支持 EnvironmentFile，所以只能将/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf内容拷贝过来，之后的service有相同的操作

拷贝刚才生成的证书把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

启动并设置开机启动

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

查看集群状态

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sudo ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.122.1:2379" endpoint health

https://192.168.122.1:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 82.809416ms

4、部署master node

4.1 生成kube-apiserver证书

自签证书颁发机构（CA）

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{
"signing": {
    "default": {
    "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
    "kubernetes": {
        "expiry": "87600h",
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
    }
    }
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

也可以复用之前的ca证书生成证书：

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ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书创建证书申请文件：

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cd TLS/k8s
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
    "10.0.0.1",
    "127.0.0.1",
    "192.168.122.1",
    "192.168.122.26",
    "192.168.122.27",
    "192.168.122.28",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP 生成证书：

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cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

4.2 拷贝编译的kubernetes二进制到/opt目录

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kubernetes/_output/local/bin/linux/amd64
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

4.3 部署kube-apiserver

创建配置文件

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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
 --v=2 \\
 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
 --etcd-servers=https://192.168.122.1:2379 \\
 --bind-address=192.168.122.1 \\
 --secure-port=6443 \\
 --advertise-address=192.168.122.1 \\
 --allow-privileged=true \\
 --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
 --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
 --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
 --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
 --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
 --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
 --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
 --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
 --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
 --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
 --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
 --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
 --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
 --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
 --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
 --audit-log-maxage=30 \\
 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
 --audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
 --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

注：上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符，第二个是换行符，使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。个别选项说明：
–logtostderr：启用日志
—v：日志等级
–log-dir：日志目录
–etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
–bind-address：监听地址
–secure-port：https安全端口
–advertise-address：集群通告地址
–allow-privileged：启用授权
–service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段
–enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块
–authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
–enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制
–token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
–service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
–kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
–tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
–etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
–audit-log-xxx：审计日志

拷贝刚才生成的证书把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径： cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制详细介绍可以参考：TLS bootstrapping

TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以，当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。

创建token文件:

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF 0b47c417547d9a4f8adb91aeebfb0f8c,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper" EOF

格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组

token也可自行生成替换：

head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

systemd管理apiserver

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 [Unit]
 Description=Kubernetes API Server
 Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

 [Service]
 # EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf #ubuntu not support
 ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \
 --logtostderr=false \
 --v=2 \
 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
 --etcd-servers=https://192.168.122.1:2379 \
 --bind-address=192.168.122.1 \
 --secure-port=6443 \
 --advertise-address=192.168.122.1 \
 --allow-privileged=true \
 --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
 --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
 --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
 --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
 --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
 --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
 --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
 --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
 --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
 --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
 --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
 --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
 --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
 --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
 --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
 --audit-log-maxage=30 \
 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
 --audit-log-maxsize=100 \
 --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log

 Restart=on-failure

 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-apiserver systemctl enable kube-apiserver

4.4 部署kube-controller-manager

创建配置文件

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  cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
  KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
  --v=2 \\
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
  --leader-elect=true \\
  --master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
  --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
  --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
  --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
  --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
  --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"

–master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
–cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致

systemd管理controller-manager

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 cat /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
 [Unit]
 Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
 Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

 [Service]
 #EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
 ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager --logtostderr=false \
 --v=2 \\
     --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
     --leader-elect=true \\
     --master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
     --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
     --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
     --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
     --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
     --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
     --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
     --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
     --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
     --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s
 Restart=on-failure

 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target
 EOF

启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-controller-manager systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

4.5 部署kube-scheduler

创建配置文件

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 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
 KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
 --v=2 \
 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
 --leader-elect \
 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
 --bind-address=127.0.0.1"
 EOF

–master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

systemd管理scheduler

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cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

查看集群状态所有组件都已经启动成功，通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态：

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kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}  

如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常。

5、部署worker node

下面还是在Master Node上操作，即同时作为Worker Node

5.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

在所有worker node创建工作目录：

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 从master节点拷贝：

cd kubernetes/server/bin cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin # 本地拷贝

5.2 部署kubelet

创建配置文件

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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

–hostname-override：显示名称，集群中唯一
–network-plugin：启用CNI
–kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于连接apiserver
–bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书
–config：配置参数文件
–cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录
–pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像

配置参数文件

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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
    enabled: false
webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件

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 KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.122.1:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
 TOKEN="0b47c417547d9a4f8adb91aeebfb0f8c" # 与token.csv里保持一致

 # 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
 --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
 --embed-certs=true \
 --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
 --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
 kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
 --token=${TOKEN} \
 --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
 kubectl config set-context default \
 --cluster=kubernetes \
 --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
 --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
 kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

拷贝到配置文件路径：

cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg

systemd管理kubelet

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    cat /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service

[Service]
#EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet --logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--hostname-override=k8s-master \
--network-plugin=cni \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0

Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动并设置开机启动

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

5.3 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

```
# 查看kubelet证书请求
kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE    SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-sfjaslfdajsfiwl-sdhfakwis   6m3s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-sfjaslfdajsfiwl-sdhfakwis

# 查看节点
kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master   NotReady   <none>   7s    v1.18.3
```

注：由于网络插件还没有部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

5.4 部署kube-proxy

创建配置文件

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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

配置参数文件

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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
 kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
 apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
 bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
 metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
 clientConnection:
 kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
 hostnameOverride: k8s-master
 clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
 EOF

生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件生成kube-proxy证书

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 # 切换工作目录
 cd TLS/k8s

 # 创建证书请求文件
 cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
 {
 "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
 "hosts": [],
 "key": {
     "algo": "rsa",
     "size": 2048
 },
 "names": [
     {
     "C": "CN",
     "L": "BeiJing",
     "ST": "BeiJing",
     "O": "k8s",
     "OU": "System"
     }
 ]
 }
 EOF

 # 生成证书
 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

 ls kube-proxy*pem
 kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem

生成kubeconfig文件：

```
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.122.1:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
```

拷贝到配置文件指定路径：

cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

systemd管理kube-proxy

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cat /lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
 [Unit]
 Description=Kubernetes Proxy
 After=network.target

 [Service]
 #EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
 ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy --logtostderr=false \
 --v=2 \
 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
 --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml

 Restart=on-failure
 LimitNOFILE=65536

 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target
 EOF

启动并设置开机启动

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

5.5 部署CNI网络

先准备好CNI二进制文件：

下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz

解压二进制包并移动到默认工作目录： mkdir /opt/cni/bin tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin 部署CNI网络： wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/xxx:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml * 去docker hub上找一个替换xxx，默认镜像地址无法访问

```
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
```

5.6 授权apiserver访问kubelet

```
cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
- apiGroups:
    - ""
    resources:
    - nodes/proxy
    - nodes/stats
    - nodes/log
    - nodes/spec
    - nodes/metrics
    - pods/log
    verbs:
    - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:kube-apiserver
namespace: ""
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF

kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
```

5.7 新增加Worker Node

拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点在master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点
scp /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.122.26:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.122.26:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.122.26:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.122.26:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件 rm /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet* 注：这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的，每个Node不同，必须删除重新生成。
修改主机名 vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf –hostname-override=k8s-node1
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml hostnameOverride: k8s-node1
启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kubelet systemctl enable kubelet systemctl start kube-proxy systemctl enable kube-proxy
在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请 kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION

kubectl certificate approve node-csr-sfasflafas-sfaklfl 6. 查看Node状态 kubectl get node

部署CoreDNS

CoreDNS用于集群内部Service名称解析。

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kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml

kubectl get pods -n kube-system 
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-5ffbfd976d-j6shb      1/1     Running   0          32s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95   1/1     Running   0          38m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7qhdx   1/1     Running   0          15m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-99cr8   1/1     Running   0          26m
DNS解析测试：

kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
#If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.

/ # nslookup kubernetes
Server:    10.0.0.2
Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

Name:      kubernetes
Address 1: 10.0.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
解析没问题。

Contents

0、环境准备

1、kubernetes源码编译

2、集群规划

2.1 操作系统初始化配置

3、部署etcd

3.1、 准备cfssl证书生成工具

3.2、生成证书

3.3 编译etcd

4、部署master node

4.1 生成kube-apiserver证书

4.2 拷贝编译的kubernetes二进制到/opt目录

4.3 部署kube-apiserver

4.4 部署kube-controller-manager

4.5 部署kube-scheduler

5、部署worker node

5.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

5.2 部署kubelet

5.3 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

5.4 部署kube-proxy

5.5 部署CNI网络

5.6 授权apiserver访问kubelet

5.7 新增加Worker Node

部署CoreDNS

3.1、准备cfssl证书生成工具